Bacterial Vaginosis (BV):

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance in the natural bacteria found in the vagina. It’s not a sexually transmitted infection (STI), but sexual activity and other factors can increase the risk. What Causes BV? The vagina normally contains a balance of "good" bacteria (lactobacilli) and "harmful" bacteria. BV happens when:

• The lactobacilli decrease
• And other bacteria overgrow, especially Gardnerella vaginalis and similar species Common Symptoms of BV;
• Thin, watery vaginal discharge
• Usually grey-white in color
• Strong fishy smell, especially after sex
• Mild itching or irritation
• Burning during urination (sometimes)
• BV does not typically cause intense itching or "cottage cheese" discharge like a yeast infection Treatment Options; 1. Antibiotics (prescription) Avoid alcohol 2. Probiotics
• May help restore healthy vaginal bacteria
• Available in oral or vaginal forms
• Often used to prevent recurrences Recurrent BV
• BV can return within months, even after successful treatment
• Preventive options include:
• Longer-term use of metronidazole gel (e.g., 2x a week)
• Regular use of probiotics
• Avoiding triggers like douching or certain soaps What Increases the Risk of BV?
• Douching or using perfumed vaginal products
• Multiple or new sexual partners
• Intrauterine device (IUD) (for some women)
• Smoking
• Lack of lactobacilli (good bacteria) in the vagina Prevention Tips
• Avoid douching and scented soaps
• Use condoms consistently
• Practice good hygiene
• Take probiotics (especially after antibiotics)
• Limit the number of sexual partners